III. Climate Change Adaptation
Since 2019, China has regarded proactive adaptation to climate change as an important part of its national strategy to actively respond to climate change, and strived to improve the adaptability, actively participated in and facilitated international cooperation on climate change adaptation, and achieved positive results in many fields.
(II) Water Resources
Water Resources Strengthening the construction of water conservancy infrastructure. Since 2019, 24,000 km of small and medium-sized rivers have been improved, more than 6,700 small-sized dilapidated reservoirs reinforced, drainage capacity building organized for 9 key waterlogged areas and 53 flood-prone areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. A number of major water conservancy projects was constructed, with the completion and operation of those project, the security of river basins has been effectively improved.
Optimizing the allocation of water resources. With regard to national water conservation actions, NDRC and the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) issued the National Water Conservation Action Plan and relevant division schemes. As of June 2020, 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) had issued provincial plans for implementing national water China's Policies and Actions for 36 Addressing Climate Change conservation actions, comprehensively strengthened the control of the "three red lines" of water resources management, and implemented dual control actions on the cap and intensity of water resources consumption. The construction of water-saving cities was carried out. A total of 96 cities across the country were established as national water-saving cities, with about 5 billion m3 of water saved annually, equivalent to 10% of city annual water supply. Continued efforts were made to strengthen the transformation and construction of farmland irrigation and drainage facilities. As of the end of 2019, the effective coefficient of farmland irrigation water utilization of China had registered 0.559. Since 2019, seawater desalination has been widely applied in high water-consuming industries in coastal cities suffering severe water shortages such as Dalian, Tangshan, Zhoushan, and Rizhao. The daily water output of newly completed seawater desalination projects registered nearly 400,000 tons.
Enhancing conservation and restoration of water ecosystems. MWR issued the Guiding Opinions on Defining and Guaranteeing the Ecological Flow of Rivers and Lakes and released targets for inter-provincial key rivers and lakes in two batches. In 2019, 21 rivers and lakes in the groundwater overexploitation control area in North China were ecologically replenished by 3.49 billion m3 of water. The largest river with water was 1,100 km long, forming a maximum water surface area of 403 km2 . In the case of low rainfall, the decline of groundwater level in the control area would significantly slow down. In 2019, 66,800 km2 of water and soil erosion 2020 37 comprehensive control areas were newly added nationwide.
Further implementing the river and lake chief systems. The localities identified a total of more than 300,000 river and lake chiefs at the provincial, municipal, county and township levels, and more than 900,000 village-level river and lake chiefs. A series of special campaigns were organized, including the special cleanup campaign to regulate illegal riverside occupation, construction, mining and waste; remediation on the shoreline utilization project at the mainstream of the Yangtze River; solid waste cleanup in the Yangtze River Economic Zone; and remediation on sand mining in the Yangtze River. Improving the informationization of water conservancy. In 2019, MWR issued and implemented the Overall Plan for Smart Water Conservancy and launched the Three-year Action Plan for Improving the Level of Water Conservancy Network Information (2019-2021). A number of informatization projects were basically completed, including those with regard to national groundwater monitoring, water resources monitoring capabilities, Phase II of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System, and water conservancy work safety supervision.
Excerpt from: China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change（2020）
Source：http://www.ncsc.org.cn/yjcg/cbw/202111/P020211117418821628432.pdf
